Non-Destructive Detection of Fruit Quality: Technologies, Applications and Prospects

Fruit quality testing plays a crucial role in the advancement of fruit industry, which is related to market competitiveness, consumer satisfaction and production process optimization. In recent years, nondestructive testing technology has become a research hotspot due to its outstanding advantages. In this paper, the principle, application, advantages and disadvantages of optical, acoustic, electromagnetics, dielectric properties research and electronic nose non-destructive testing technology in fruit quality testing are systematically reviewed. These technologies can detect a variety of chemical components of fruit, realize the assessment of maturity, damage degree, disease degree, and are suitable for orchard picking, quality grading, shelf life prediction and other fields. However, there are limitations to these techniques. The optical, acoustic and electronic nose technologies are susceptible to environmental factors, the electromagnetic technology has defects in the detection of complex molecules and fruit internal quality, and the dielectric characteristics are greatly affected by the shape and state of the sample surface. In the future, efforts should be made to enhance the implementation of non-destructive testing technology in the fruit industry through technology integration, optimization algorithm, cost reduction, and expansion of industrial chain application, so as to help the premium growth of the fruit industry.