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Impact of Prediabetes on In-Hospital Mortality and Clinical Outcomes in Acute Pancreatitis: Insights from a

Tahani Dakkak1, Nawras Silin2, Riaz Mahmood3

  • 1Graduate Medical Education Research Department, Northeast Georgia Medical Center, Gainesville, GA 30501, USA.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|June 26, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Prediabetes does not increase in-hospital mortality for acute pancreatitis (AP) patients. However, complications like acute kidney injury and septic shock significantly predict mortality in AP patients.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Endocrinology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Prediabetes, characterized by insulin resistance and inflammation, may heighten susceptibility to acute pancreatitis (AP).
  • Limited data exist on prediabetes' impact on in-hospital outcomes for AP patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the prevalence of prediabetes in hospitalized AP patients.
  • To assess the influence of prediabetes on in-hospital mortality, length of stay, and hospital costs in AP patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database (2016-2018).
  • Identified adult patients with primary AP diagnosis, excluding those with type 1 or 2 diabetes.
  • Stratified patients based on prediabetes status to analyze outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Among 193,617 AP patients, 1639 had prediabetes.
  • No significant difference in in-hospital mortality, length of stay, or hospitalization costs between prediabetic and non-prediabetic AP patients.
  • Prediabetes was not an independent predictor of mortality (OR 0.50); acute kidney injury and septic shock were significant predictors.

Conclusions:

  • Prediabetes is not associated with increased in-hospital mortality in acute pancreatitis patients.
  • Early recognition and management of complications like AKI and septic shock are crucial for improving mortality outcomes in AP.

Keywords:
acute kidney injuryacute pancreatitishospitalization outcomesnational inpatient sampleprediabetessepsis

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