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User-Centric Cell-Free Massive Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output System with Noisy Channel Gain Estimation and Line of Sight: A Beckmann Distribution Approach.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
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Stochastic Model for a 4 QAM Transmission Subject to the Epidemic Interference Effect.

Marcelo S Alencar1

  • 1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campus I, Castelo Branco, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)
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Sudden user surges in 4 QAM digital systems create non-stationary traffic. This study models this epidemic interference effect using stochastic differential equations for better network management.

Keywords:
4 QAM modulationinterference analysisstochastic differentiationwireless communications

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Area of Science:

  • Digital Communications
  • Network Traffic Analysis
  • Stochastic Modeling

Background:

  • Digital communication systems face performance degradation due to sudden increases in user access.
  • Network traffic can become non-stationary, impacting system stability and reliability.
  • Understanding interference effects is crucial for maintaining communication quality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a stochastic model for interference in 4 QAM digital communication systems.
  • To analyze the impact of sudden user influx on network traffic dynamics.
  • To quantify the epidemic interference effect caused by increased user access.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a stochastic differential approach to model the interference.
  • Analyzing the non-stationary traffic patterns resulting from user surges.
  • Simulating the effects of sudden user increases on system performance.

Main Results:

  • The study demonstrates that a rapid increase in users leads to non-stationary network traffic.
  • A quantifiable model for the epidemic interference effect was established.
  • The stochastic model accurately reflects the system's response to user load.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed stochastic model effectively captures the interference dynamics in 4 QAM systems under sudden user load.
  • Managing non-stationary traffic is essential for robust digital communication.
  • The findings provide insights for network design and resource allocation to mitigate interference.