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Suicide-Related Mortality Trends in Europe, 2012-2021
Marco Zuin1,2, Diego de Leo3,4
1Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
Summary
Suicide-related mortality in Europe decreased between 2012 and 2021, especially in men and younger adults. However, some regions still show stagnant suicide rates, indicating persistent disparities.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Demography
Background:
- Recent data on suicide-related mortality trends in European states (EU) are limited.
- Understanding these trends is crucial for targeted public health interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess age- and sex-specific trends in suicide-related mortality across EU member states.
- To analyze suicide mortality data from 2012 to 2021.
Main Methods:
- Utilized EUROSTAT mortality data for cause-specific deaths and population numbers (2012-2021).
- Identified suicide deaths using ICD-10 codes X60-X84 and Y870.
- Calculated annual trends using joinpoint regression to determine the average annual percentage change (AAPC).
Main Results:
- A total of 391,555 suicide-related deaths were recorded in Europe between 2012 and 2021.
- The age-adjusted mortality rate (AAMR) declined by 2.3% annually, from 12.3 to 10.2 per 100,000 people.
- The decline was more significant in males (-2.4% AAPC) and individuals under 65 years old, though some EU subregions showed stagnation.
Conclusions:
- Age-adjusted suicide mortality has decreased across Europe over the last decade.
- Males and younger populations experienced the most significant reductions in suicide rates.
- Persistent disparities in suicide mortality rates exist among different EU countries and subregions.
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