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A Systematic Review of Cardiovascular Health Among Cancer Survivors

Miriam A Miles1, Oluseun Akinyele1, Abigail A Ninson2

  • 1Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine and Population Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Boshell Diabetes Building, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|June 26, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Cancer survivors often have poor cardiovascular health (CVH), increasing mortality risk. Improving CVH through lifestyle changes and education is crucial for this population.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) research
  • Cancer survivorship studies
  • Public health and preventative medicine

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death in cancer survivors, with lifestyle factors impacting both cancer and cardiovascular mortality.
  • Cardiovascular health (CVH), defined by metrics like Life's Simple 7 (LS7) or Life's Essential 8 (LE8), is understudied in cancer survivors despite its association with cancer mortality.
  • Less than ideal CVH is linked to increased cancer mortality, highlighting a critical need for research in this area.

Approach:

  • A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, searching major databases (PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Embase) for studies on cancer survivors and cardiovascular health.
  • Keywords included "cancer survivors", "cancer patient", "cardiovascular health", and "cardiovascular risk factors", with articles assessed for risk of bias and synthesized.
  • Ten studies met inclusion criteria, utilizing LS7 or LE8 metrics to assess CVH in a population of 35,980 cancer survivors (ages 40-70).

Key Points:

  • The review identified four emergent themes: CVH outcomes in cancer survivors, social determinants influencing CVH, associations between CVH and other health outcomes, and opportunities for CVH awareness.
  • The majority of included studies focused on survivors of breast, gynecological, endometrial, prostate, colon, lung, lymphoma, and skin cancers.
  • The analyzed population (n=35,980) comprised mostly female, non-Black individuals with an average survivorship of 7.2 years.

Conclusions:

  • Cancer survivors frequently exhibit less than ideal cardiovascular health outcomes.
  • Interventions focused on education and empowerment are recommended to support lifestyle modifications that can improve CVH in cancer survivors.
  • Addressing CVH in cancer survivorship is essential for reducing overall mortality and improving long-term health trajectories.

Keywords:
cancer survivorshipcardiovascular healthpsychosocial health

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