Bicuspid Aortic Valve and Sudden Cardiac Death

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Genetics
• Pathophysiology

Background:

• Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most prevalent congenital heart anomaly, affecting up to 0.77% of the population.
• BAV involves an abnormal two-leaflet aortic valve instead of the typical three, leading to impaired function.
• This condition elevates the risk of cardiovascular diseases, including aortic stenosis, insufficiency, and ascending aorta abnormalities.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the association between BAV and sudden cardiac death (SCD).
• To elucidate the pathogenic variants and pathophysiological mechanisms linking BAV to SCD.
• To emphasize the clinical significance of BAV classification and identify research gaps for early risk detection.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies on BAV and SCD.
• Analysis of genetic and pathophysiological factors.
• Evaluation of BAV classification systems and clinical implications.

Main Results:

• BAV is a significant risk factor for sudden cardiac death (SCD).
• Specific genetic variants and pathophysiological pathways contribute to BAV-associated SCD.
• Valve morphology and classification are crucial for risk stratification.

Conclusions:

• BAV poses a considerable risk for SCD, necessitating further research.
• Early identification of at-risk individuals through improved classification and understanding of mechanisms is vital.
• Future research should focus on closing knowledge gaps to prevent SCD in BAV patients.