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Related Concept Videos

Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents01:17

Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents

248
Sedatives and hypnotics encompass a wide range of substances, each with its unique mechanism of action, uses, and potential adverse effects.
Melatonin congeners like ramelteon (Rozerem) and tasimelteon (Hetlioz) selectively bind to melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2) and thus mimic the actions of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles. Tasimelteon is primarily used for non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder, common in blind patients. They are also used to treat conditions like insomnia...
248
Management of Insomnia01:19

Management of Insomnia

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The sleep cycle, an integral part of human health, consists of several stages with distinct characteristics and functions. It begins with a transition from wakefulness to sleep, known as the light sleep phase, followed by the restorative deep sleep phase, essential for physical recovery and growth. The cycle concludes with the Rapid Eye Movement (REM) phase, characterized by high brain activity and vivid dreaming. Insomnia, a prevalent sleep disorder, involves difficulty falling asleep, staying...
328
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder01:15

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

429
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
RBD is significantly associated with...
429
Sedatives and Hypnotics: Overview01:23

Sedatives and Hypnotics: Overview

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Sedatives are drugs that alleviate anxiety, while hypnotics induce sleep. Both classes of medication suppress neuronal activity, leading to a calming effect for sedatives and facilitating sleep for hypnotics.
Sedative-hypnotics are categorized into barbiturates, benzodiazepines (BZDs), and non-benzodiazepines or Z-drugs. These drugs work by suppressing central nervous system activity, and this suppression is dose-dependent. Older sedative medications, like barbiturates, follow a linear curve in...
695
Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Benzodiazepines01:19

Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Benzodiazepines

399
Benzodiazepines have both sedative and hypnotic properties. They include compounds such as diazepam (Valium) and alprazolam (Xanax). Structurally, their cores are similar, consisting of the fusion of a benzene ring and a diazepine ring, but they share a common mechanism of action in the central nervous system (CNS).
Benzodiazepines work by enhancing the effects of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA. They bind to the GABAA receptor, increasing its affinity for GABA, which opens chloride...
399
Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

211
Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
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What Every Intensivist Should Know About Remimazolam.

Rhythm Mathur1, Konica Chittoria1, Ankur Sharma2

  • 1Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.

Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine : Peer-Reviewed, Official Publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine
|June 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Remimazolam is a new benzodiazepine sedative with rapid onset and recovery. Its unique metabolism and quick reversal make it an optimal choice for intensive care settings.

Keywords:
Intensive care unitRemimazolamSedation

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Anesthesiology

Background:

  • Benzodiazepines are commonly used sedatives in critical care.
  • Existing agents may have prolonged recovery or organ-dependent metabolism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the characteristics of remimazolam.
  • To evaluate its potential as an optimal sedative in intensive care.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of remimazolam's pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties.
  • Comparison with existing sedative agents.

Main Results:

  • Remimazolam offers rapid onset and offset of action.
  • It exhibits organ-independent metabolism, reducing accumulation risk.
  • Flumazenil provides rapid and effective reversal.

Conclusions:

  • Remimazolam presents a favorable profile for procedural sedation and critical care.
  • Its predictable pharmacokinetics and rapid reversal enhance patient safety and management.