RiceChain-Plus: an enhanced framework for blockchain-based rice supply chain systems-ensuring security, privacy, and...

Area of Science:

• Agricultural Supply Chain Management
• Blockchain Technology Applications
• Information Security

Background:

• The rice supply chain involves multiple stakeholders, necessitating robust management for reliability and efficiency.
• Blockchain offers potential for transparency and traceability in agricultural supply chains but faces security, privacy, and performance challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present RiceChain-Plus, an enhanced blockchain architecture designed to overcome limitations in current agricultural supply chain systems.
• To improve security, privacy, and efficiency within the rice supply chain.

Main Methods:

• Implementation of a private Ethereum blockchain with a Proof of Authority (PoA) consensus mechanism.
• Integration of mutual authentication, zero-knowledge proofs (ZKPs), hybrid RBAC/ABAC access control, and one-way hash functions.
• Performance and security analysis against existing models and cyberattacks.

Main Results:

• RiceChain-Plus demonstrated superior performance with lower execution costs (44,634 gas), reduced energy consumption (9.38828E-05 J), and higher throughput (0.071201 transactions/s).
• Achieved faster execution (44.5 ms) and transaction times (14.045 s), alongside improved scalability.
• Security analysis confirmed resilience against cyberattacks, ensuring data confidentiality and integrity.

Conclusions:

• RiceChain-Plus offers a secure, efficient, and scalable solution for optimizing the rice supply chain.
• The proposed architecture effectively addresses the technological challenges of blockchain implementation in agriculture.
• This framework enhances trust and operational effectiveness for all participants in the rice supply chain.