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Electromagnetic fields modulate neuronal membrane ionic currents through altered cellular calcium homeostasis.

Federico Bertagna1,2, Shiraz Ahmad2, Rebecca Lewis1,2

  • 1Leverhulme Quantum Biology Doctoral Training Centre, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|June 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (EMFs) impact neuronal excitability by altering calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis. This study shows 50 Hz EMFs affect hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons, implicating Ca2+ regulation in EMF-induced neural modulation.

Keywords:
calcium homeostasiselectromagnetic fieldshippocampusion channelspatch clamp

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biophysics
  • Electromagnetic Biology

Background:

  • Electromagnetic fields (EMFs) exert biological effects on the central nervous system (CNS).
  • Effects are dependent on field intensity and frequency, with 50 Hz fields influencing neuronal firing.
  • The hippocampus is a key CNS region affected by EMFs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of 50 Hz EMFs on CA1 pyramidal neuron membranes in hippocampal slices.
  • To elucidate the role of calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis in EMF-induced modulation of neuronal excitability.

Main Methods:

  • Loose patch clamp technique applied to coronal hippocampal slices.
  • Exposure to 1 mT, 50 Hz EMFs for 60 minutes.
  • Pharmacological blockade of ryanodine receptor (RyR)-dependent Ca2+ release and SERCA-mediated Ca2+ reuptake.

Main Results:

  • Exposure to 50 Hz EMFs decreased both inward and transient outward currents in CA1 pyramidal neurons.
  • Dantrolene (RyR blocker) and cyclopiazonic acid (SERCA inhibitor) abrogated these EMF-induced current changes.
  • These findings implicate Ca2+ homeostasis in EMF effects on neuronal excitability.

Conclusions:

  • 50 Hz EMF exposure modulates neuronal excitability in the hippocampus.
  • Calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis plays a critical role in EMF-induced neuronal modulation.
  • EMF effects are mediated through the regulation of voltage-gated channels via Ca2+ signaling pathways.