Rectus diastasis in males: a narrative review

Area of Science:

• General Surgery
• Abdominal Wall Reconstruction
• Male Pelvic Health

Background:

• Rectus diastasis (RD) is frequently overlooked in male patients.
• Existing literature offers limited insights into male-specific RD prevalence and management.
• This review addresses the knowledge gap concerning male rectus diastasis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compile available evidence on rectus diastasis in males.
• To summarize clinical recommendations for managing male RD.
• To highlight the underdiagnosis and undertreatment of male rectus diastasis.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature search across multiple databases.
• Focus on studies investigating rectus diastasis in male populations.
• Independent study screening and quality assessment with data extraction.

Main Results:

• Prevalence of male RD reported at 25-30%, higher with comorbidities like hernias (47%) and aneurysms (67%).
• Treated RD rates are significantly lower (4-14%).
• Factors affecting linea alba quality include obesity, reduced fibers, and smoking; core stability correlates with low back pain.

Conclusions:

• Male RD prevalence is at least double the treatment rate, necessitating greater clinical attention.
• Clinicians should assess male patients for RD, especially those with ventral hernias, and check inter-recti distance.
• Further research and awareness are needed to improve male rectus diastasis diagnosis and management.