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Accuracy of Estimated Blood Loss on Common Operating Room Items Among Medical Professionals
Bryanna D Vesely1, Jennifer Kipp1, Luke Leffler1
1*Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC.
Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association
|June 26, 2025
Summary
Medical professionals consistently overestimate surgical blood loss on items like sponges and drapes. This inaccurate estimation impacts patient blood management and postoperative care, highlighting a need for improved assessment methods.
Area of Science:
- Surgical hemostasis and patient blood management.
- Operating room (OR) efficiency and safety.
Background:
- Effective hemostasis is crucial for surgical patient blood management.
- Accurate surgical blood loss estimation aids postoperative care.
- Current methods for estimating blood loss may lack precision.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the accuracy of healthcare professionals' blood loss estimations.
- To analyze estimations on various operating room items.
Main Methods:
- A survey was administered to medical students, residents, and attendings.
- Participants estimated simulated blood on laparotomy sponges (laps), Ray-Tec sponges, towels, and drapes from images.
- 124 participants completed the survey.
Main Results:
- All participant groups overestimated blood loss on OR items.
- Statistically significant differences in estimation accuracy were observed between experience levels (students, residents, attendings), except for one category.
- Residents' estimations were closest overall, though not significantly more accurate than attendings'.
- Surgical specialties were more accurate than nonsurgical ones, except for lap estimations.
Conclusions:
- Healthcare professionals substantially overestimate blood on surgical items.
- Estimating surgical blood loss by visual assessment of soaked items like Ray-Tec sponges, laps, drapes, and towels may be unreliable.
- Findings suggest potential inaccuracies in current blood loss estimation practices.
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