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Dynamic antenna clustering along with low RF complexity digital beamforming.

Usman Haider1, Syed Jawad Hussain1, Imtiaz Ali Soomro1

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This study introduces a digital beamforming method reducing radio frequency (RF) complexity by preserving antenna weights. This technique achieves high spectral efficiency with fewer RF chains, benefiting RF circuit designers.

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Signal Processing
  • Wireless Communications

Background:

  • Digital beamforming (DBF) systems often require high radio frequency (RF) complexity.
  • Preserving antenna weights between the aperture and baseband is crucial for efficient DBF.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a digital beamforming technique with reduced RF complexity.
  • To enable the preservation of antenna weights between the antenna aperture and digital baseband processing unit.

Main Methods:

  • A digital beamforming technique that connects each antenna subarray to a separate RF chain, transmitting one data stream.
  • RF chains are configured to maintain subarray antenna element beamforming weights in a time-division multiplexing (TDM) fashion.
  • Two dynamic clustering algorithms are introduced: one to identify the number of required RF chains, and another to group antennas within subarrays for a given number of RF chains.

Main Results:

  • The proposed method significantly lowers RF complexity compared to full-complexity DBF systems.
  • Spectral efficiency is maintained at levels comparable to full-complexity DBF systems.
  • RF circuit designers can determine the optimal number of RF chains, digital-to-analog converters (DACs), and associated components.

Conclusions:

  • The developed digital beamforming scheme offers a practical solution for reducing RF complexity.
  • The technique effectively balances spectral efficiency with reduced hardware requirements.
  • This approach provides valuable design insights for RF circuit optimization in beamforming systems.