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Compensatory evolution to DNA replication stress is robust to nutrient availability.

Mariana Natalino1, Marco Fumasoni2

  • 1Gulbenkian Institute for Molecular Medicine (GIMM), Lisbon, Portugal.

Molecular Systems Biology
|June 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Evolutionary repair after DNA replication stress is predictable, with recurrent mutations conferring fitness benefits across different glucose environments. This study reveals robust adaptation mechanisms and a novel role for the mediator complex in genome stability.

Keywords:
S. cerevisiaeCompensatory EvolutionDNA Replication StressGenome MaintenanceNutrients

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular biology

Background:

  • Evolutionary repair describes compensatory evolution following cellular process disruptions.
  • Genotype-by-environment interactions can shape evolutionary trajectories.
  • DNA replication stress causes genetic instability by impairing DNA synthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the predictability of evolutionary repair in response to DNA replication stress.
  • To investigate the impact of glucose availability on adaptation.
  • To identify genetic mechanisms underlying adaptation to replication stress.

Main Methods:

  • High-throughput experimental evolution of Saccharomyces cerevisiae under constitutive replication stress.
  • Growth under varying glucose concentrations to assess environmental impact.
  • Analysis of recurrent mutations and their fitness effects across different nutrient availabilities.

Main Results:

  • Glucose levels influenced physiology and adaptation rates but not the genetics of adaptation.
  • Recurrent mutations consistently improved fitness across environments.
  • A novel role for the mediator complex of RNA polymerase II in adaptation to replication stress was identified.

Conclusions:

  • Evolutionary repair mechanisms demonstrate robustness and predictability in response to DNA replication stress.
  • Adaptation to replication stress involves recurrent mutations beneficial across different nutrient conditions.
  • Findings offer insights into genome stability and cancer development.