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Limosilactobacillus reuteri M4-100 Mitigates the Pathogenicity of Escherichia coli Strain HMLN-1 in an Intestinal
Behnoush Asgari1, Georgia Bradford1, Eva Hatje2
1Centre for Bioinnovation, and School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, QLD 4558, Australia.
Abstract:
Probiotics have been widely adopted due to their beneficial health properties. Here, we investigated the interactions of a probiotic Limosilactobacillus (Lactobacillus) reuteri M4-100, with a translocating Escherichia coli strain HMLN-1, in a co-culture of cells, representing the intestinal epithelium, and identified molecular mechanisms associated with the host response. A co-culture of Caco-2:HT29-MTX cells was exposed to the HMLN-1 strain and the route of translocation was studied. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed the adhesion of the strain to the microvilli, the establishment of close contact with the co-culture prior to being taken up by membrane-bound vesicles, and translocation via the intracellular pathway. When the HMLN-1 strain was challenged with L. reuteri M4-100 in co- and pre-inoculation experiments, its adhesion to the co-culture of cells was significantly reduced (p < 0.0001). A significant reduction in the invasion of the HMLN-1 strain was also observed upon the inoculation of L. reuteri M4-100 with the co-culture 60 min prior to HMLN-1 exposure (p < 0.0001). The L. reuteri M4-100 strain also significantly (p < 0.0001) reduced the translocation of the HMLN-1 strain in both co- and pre-inoculation experiments. Differential gene expression studies identified key cellular responses to the interaction with these bacteria, both alone. These data demonstrate the efficacy of L. reuteri M4-100 to reduce or inhibit the interaction of E. coli HMLN-1 with the intestinal epithelium. A prophylactic role of this probiotic strain is postulated as these effects were more pronounced in pre-inoculation experiments.
Insights
The probiotic Limosilactobacillus reuteri M4-100 significantly inhibits Escherichia coli HMLN-1 translocation and adhesion to intestinal cells. Pre-treatment with this probiotic shows a pronounced prophylactic effect against E. coli invasion.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Gastroenterology
- Immunology
Background:
- Probiotics are increasingly recognized for their health benefits.
- Understanding interactions between probiotics and pathogenic bacteria in the gut is crucial for host health.
- Escherichia coli HMLN-1 is a strain capable of translocating the intestinal barrier.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the interaction between the probiotic Limosilactobacillus reuteri M4-100 and the translocating Escherichia coli HMLN-1 strain.
- To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the host response to these bacterial interactions.
- To evaluate the efficacy of L. reuteri M4-100 in preventing E. coli HMLN-1 adhesion, invasion, and translocation.
Main Methods:
- Co-culture model of intestinal epithelium (Caco-2:HT29-MTX cells).
- Exposure of co-culture to E. coli HMLN-1, with translocation pathway analysis using electron microscopy.
- Co- and pre-inoculation experiments with L. reuteri M4-100 and E. coli HMLN-1.
- Differential gene expression analysis to identify host cellular responses.
Main Results:
- L. reuteri M4-100 significantly reduced E. coli HMLN-1 adhesion to the intestinal cell co-culture (p < 0.0001).
- Pre-inoculation with L. reuteri M4-100 significantly reduced E. coli HMLN-1 invasion (p < 0.0001).
- L. reuteri M4-100 significantly inhibited E. coli HMLN-1 translocation in both co- and pre-inoculation settings (p < 0.0001).
- Differential gene expression revealed key host responses to individual bacterial strains.
Conclusions:
- Limosilactobacillus reuteri M4-100 effectively reduces or inhibits the interaction of Escherichia coli HMLN-1 with the intestinal epithelium.
- The probiotic strain L. reuteri M4-100 demonstrates a significant prophylactic role, particularly when administered prior to pathogen exposure.
- These findings support the potential use of L. reuteri M4-100 as a probiotic intervention to maintain intestinal barrier integrity.
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