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Avian Influenza Surveillance with FTA Cards: Field Methods, Biosafety, and Transportation Issues Solved
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Facilitating Cross-border Viral Sequencing Through Nucleic Acid Sample Transport Using Dry Cards.

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Flinders Technology Associates (FTA) cards enable virus genomic sequencing from amplified nucleic acid samples in resource-limited settings. This method enhances infectious disease monitoring and outbreak response capabilities in underdeveloped areas.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Genomics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Developing countries often lack advanced sequencing infrastructure for infectious disease surveillance.
  • A novel nucleic acid sample transportation method is needed for virus genomic sequencing in resource-limited areas.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of Flinders Technology Associates (FTA) cards for transporting amplified whole-genome DNA of SARS-CoV-2.
  • To assess the feasibility of virus genomic sequencing from samples transported using FTA cards in resource-limited settings.

Main Methods:

  • 120 SARS-CoV-2 positive nasopharyngeal swab samples were collected in Sierra Leone.
  • Nucleic acid extraction and whole-genome amplification were performed locally.
  • Amplified DNA was applied to FTA Elute cards for room temperature shipment and subsequent elution and sequencing.

Main Results:

  • The FTA card method demonstrated a 9.6% amplicon recovery rate, sufficient for viral genome sequencing.
  • 86 (71.7%) high-quality SARS-CoV-2 genomic sequences were obtained, with most exceeding 100X depth.
  • Co-circulation of Delta, Omicron, and B.1 lineages was identified; samples with Ct ≤ 27 yielded effective sequences (73.6%).

Conclusions:

  • Transportation of amplified nucleic acid samples on FTA cards facilitates virus genomic sequencing in resource-limited regions.
  • This approach can enhance local virus surveillance and outbreak response.
  • Further optimization may improve sequence recovery rates, increasing sequencing accessibility in underdeveloped areas.