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Signal Processing Method and Evaluation Method for Weak Doppler Signal Detection.

Chongbin Xi1,2, Jian Zhou1,2, Xiaoming Nie1,2

  • 1College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study enhances weak laser Doppler signal recognition by stacking multiple frames in the frequency domain to eliminate noise. A relative prominence metric is introduced, improving signal quality and enabling reliable speed measurements.

Keywords:
laser Doppler velocimeterrelative prominencesignal superpositionthreshold of relative prominenceweak Doppler signal

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Signal Processing
  • Optics

Background:

  • Laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) is crucial for measuring fluid flow and biological tissue dynamics.
  • Weak Doppler signals, often obscured by noise, limit the accuracy and applicability of LDV.
  • Identifying and quantifying these weak signals is essential for reliable measurements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a robust method for recognizing weak laser Doppler signals.
  • To introduce a quantitative metric for assessing Doppler signal quality.
  • To establish a reliable threshold for identifying target signals in noisy environments.

Main Methods:

  • Superimposition of multiple-frame Doppler signals in the frequency domain to enhance signal-to-noise ratio.
  • Development and application of a 'relative prominence' metric to quantify signal quality.
  • Theoretical analysis and experimental validation of the proposed method.

Main Results:

  • The proposed method effectively recognizes weak Doppler signals by eliminating base noise.
  • Relative prominence can be enhanced by over two orders of magnitude by stacking 10,000 frames.
  • A relative prominence threshold of 3 provides a 99.08% probability of correctly identifying the target signal.

Conclusions:

  • The frequency-domain superimposition technique significantly improves the detection of weak Doppler signals.
  • The relative prominence metric offers a reliable way to assess Doppler signal quality in practical applications.
  • This work provides a foundation for setting accurate thresholds in laser Doppler measurements.