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Related Concept Videos

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease01:29

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a widespread pathogen that primarily targets infants and young children but also poses a serious health risk to elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Belonging to the Pneumoviridae family, RSV is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus within the Pneumovirus genus. Its global health burden is significant, with millions of cases annually resulting in hospitalizations and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Although most...
Inhibitors Of Virion Release01:25

Inhibitors Of Virion Release

Viral replication and dissemination rely on efficient mechanisms for host cell entry, genome replication, assembly, and release. Influenza viruses, such as types A and B, are negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses with a segmented genome, that depend on two critical surface glycoproteins to carry out these processes: hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). HA initiates infection by binding to sialic acid residues on the surface of host epithelial cells, facilitating receptor-mediated...

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Intranasal Administration of Recombinant Influenza Vaccines in Chimeric Mouse Models to Study Mucosal Immunity
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Nanoparticle-Based mRNA Vaccine Induces Protective Neutralizing Antibodies Against Infectious Bronchitis Virus in

Aseno Sakhrie1, Ankarao Kalluri2, Zeinab H Helal1,3

  • 1Department of Pathobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.

Vaccines
|June 27, 2025
PubMed
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Novel cationic bovine serum albumin nanoparticles effectively deliver infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) spike protein mRNA in chickens. This mRNA vaccine approach shows enhanced immunogenicity, offering a safer alternative to traditional IBV vaccines.

Keywords:
infectious bronchitis virusmRNA vaccinenanoparticles

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Immunology
  • Vaccine Technology
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Traditional infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) vaccines face limitations including mutation risks and limited efficacy.
  • Developing safer and more effective IBV vaccines is crucial for poultry health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore cationic bovine serum albumin (BSA) polyamine nanoparticles (NPs) for delivering IBV spike protein mRNA.
  • To assess the potential of this mRNA-based system as a next-generation IBV vaccine.

Main Methods:

  • BSA-based NPs with positive surface charges were synthesized and characterized (DLS, Zetasizer, TEM).
  • Cytotoxicity, cellular uptake, and mRNA delivery efficiency were evaluated in chicken macrophage cell lines (HD11).
  • Immunogenicity was assessed in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens, measuring antibody titers, neutralization index, and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) stimulation.

Main Results:

  • BSA NPs demonstrated successful binding and efficient transfection of IBV spike protein mRNA, enhanced by chloroquine.
  • Vaccination with mRNA-loaded NPs significantly increased antibody titers against IBV S protein in SPF chickens.
  • A booster dose with chloroquine doubled the neutralization index, and PBMCs showed a threefold higher stimulation index compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • Cationic BSA NPs serve as an effective delivery system for IBV spike protein mRNA.
  • This mRNA-NP strategy enhances immune responses, presenting a promising avenue for developing safer and more potent IBV vaccines.