Clarithromycin-Loaded Albumin-Based Nanoparticles for Improved Antibacterial and Anticancer Performance

Area of Science:

• Nanomedicine
• Drug Delivery Systems
• Antimicrobial Agents

Background:

• Clarithromycin (CLA) is an antibiotic with demonstrated anticancer activity.
• Optimizing CLA delivery is crucial for enhancing its therapeutic potential.
• Bovine serum albumin nanoparticles (BSA NPs) offer a biocompatible platform for drug delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and characterize CLA-loaded BSA NPs (CLA-BSA NPs).
• To evaluate the anticancer and antibacterial activities of CLA-BSA NPs.
• To assess the drug release profile and physicochemical properties of CLA-BSA NPs.

Main Methods:

• CLA-BSA NPs synthesized via desolvation method.
• Characterization using DLS, FTIR, XRD, TEM, and TGA.
• In vitro drug release, cell viability (MTT), and antibacterial assays (MIC).

Main Results:

• CLA-BSA NPs confirmed interaction via van der Waals forces.
• Robust CLA release observed in reductive media (50.9% at pH 5.0 with GSH).
• CLA-BSA NPs showed significant anticancer activity against A549 lung cancer cells with minimal toxicity to HDF cells.
• Effective antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus (MIC 0.032 µg/mL).

Conclusions:

• CLA-BSA NPs represent a promising drug delivery system.
• Enhanced anticancer and antibacterial efficacy of CLA demonstrated.
• Optimized nanoparticles improve therapeutic outcomes for CLA.