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Heat-Treated Ni-Coated Fibers for EMI Shielding: Balancing Electrical Performance and Interfacial Integrity.

Haksung Lee1, Man Kwon Choi2, Seong-Hyun Kang3,4

  • 1Reclaimed Land Agricultural Research Center, National Institute of Crop and Food Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea.

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Summary

Electroless nickel plating on fiber composites improves electromagnetic interference shielding. Post-heat treatment enhances conductivity and shielding effectiveness, but requires careful control to maintain structural integrity.

Keywords:
EMI shieldingconductive fiber-reinforced compositeselectroless nickel platinginterfacial shear strengthpost-heat treatment

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Composite Materials

Background:

  • Growing integration of electronic systems necessitates advanced electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials.
  • Fiber-reinforced composites offer potential for infrastructure applications but require enhanced EMI shielding capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop electroless nickel-plated fiber composites.
  • To investigate the impact of post-heat treatment on their electrical, structural, and interfacial properties.
  • To optimize EMI shielding effectiveness (EMI-SE) and structural reliability.

Main Methods:

  • Electroless nickel plating on carbon fibers (CFs) and glass fibers (GFs).
  • Post-heat treatment of Ni-plated composites at varying temperatures.
  • Evaluation of electrical conductivity, structural changes (phase transformation), interfacial shear strength (IFSS), and EMI-SE.

Main Results:

  • Nickel plating significantly increased electrical conductivity in both CF and GF composites.
  • Heat treatment induced phase transformations (amorphous to crystalline Ni3P and Ni2P), boosting EMI-SE.
  • NGF composites treated at 400 °C showed up to 169% conductivity and 116% EMI-SE increase.
  • NCF composites treated at 800 °C achieved superior conductivity and shielding.
  • Thermal degradation and reduced IFSS were observed, especially in GF composites.

Conclusions:

  • Post-heat treatment is crucial for enhancing the EMI shielding performance of Ni-plated fiber composites.
  • Material-specific thermal processing is essential to balance functional performance (conductivity, EMI-SE) with structural reliability (IFSS).
  • Findings offer insights for designing advanced composites for intelligent infrastructure and next-generation construction materials.