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Tuning Polymer-Metal Interfaces via Solvent-Engineered Electroless Nickel Coatings on Functional Fibres.

Chenyao Wang1, Heng Zhai2, Xuzhao Liu1

  • 1Department of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.

Polymers
|June 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) enhances electroless nickel deposition on nylon-6,6 fibers, creating robust, conductive textiles. This solvent-assisted method improves coating uniformity, thermal stability, and strain sensing capabilities for advanced functional materials.

Keywords:
conductive functional textilenanocrystalline coatingspolymerisation treatmentsolvent-assisted electroless depositionsurface activationthermal stability

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Surface Chemistry
  • Textile Engineering

Background:

  • Electroless nickel deposition (ELD) is crucial for creating conductive polymer fibers for textiles.
  • Challenges exist in achieving uniform, defect-free coatings on inert, hydrophobic synthetic fibers like nylon-6,6.
  • Poor interfacial compatibility hinders metal coating adhesion and performance on polymer substrates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a solvent-assisted ELD method for improved nickel coatings on nylon-6,6.
  • To control polymer-metal interfacial chemistry and nickel coating microstructure.
  • To enhance the mechanical, thermal, and conductive properties of functionalized textile fibers.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a solvent-assisted electroless nickel deposition (ELD) approach using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in an aqueous bath.
  • Employed scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to analyze coating microstructure.
  • Fabricated and tested fabric strain sensors to evaluate performance under mechanical strain.

Main Results:

  • DMSO modification resulted in a nanocrystalline nickel shell, contrasting with coarse grains from aqueous baths.
  • Improved interfacial adhesion led to higher thermal stability (+7 °C onset decomposition) and reduced creep strain (45% lower).
  • Fabric strain sensors exhibited a 1400% resistance change under 200% strain, with enhanced corrosion resistance.

Conclusions:

  • Polar aprotic co-solvents like DMSO effectively couple polymer swelling with metal growth kinetics.
  • Solvent-assisted ELD offers a scalable strategy for tuning polymer-metal interfaces in conductive textiles.
  • This method yields mechanically robust, thermally stable, and corrosion-resistant conductive fibers for advanced applications.