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Therapeutic Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Carrying Echovirus in Mouse Models of Breast Cancer
Fatemeh Aminian1, Nahid Babaei1, Hadi Esmaeili Gouvarchin Ghaleh2
1Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran.
Introduction:
Breast Cancer (BC) is treatable in early stages but has high mortality rates in advanced cases, highlighting the need for better treatment methods. Oncolytic Viruses (OVs) have emerged as a promising approach to specifically target and kill BC tumor cells, although their effectiveness is limited by the immune response. To overcome this challenge, researchers are investigating the use of cell carriers. This study aims to evaluate the effects of mesenchymal stem cells carrying Echovirus (MSCs-ECHO) in a BC mouse model.
Method:
The effectiveness of MSCs-ECHO was evaluated in a mouse model of BC induced by the subcutaneous injection of live 4T1 cells (1×104) in female Balb/c mice. Its effects were assessed using several parameters, including Tumor Size (TS), Survival Probability (SP), and indicators of immune system response, such as the Splenocyte Proliferation Index (SPI), Nitric Oxide (NO), Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), and cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, IFN-γ, and TGF-β) in the supernatant of splenocytes.
Results:
Our findings revealed that treatment with MSCs-ECHO significantly increased SP, SPI, LDH, NO, and IFN-γ levels, while reducing TS, TGF-β, IL-4, and IL-10 levels in treated mice compared to the control group. Additionally, MSCs-ECHO demonstrated superior therapeutic effects compared to treatment with cell-free virus.
Conclusion:
These findings indicate that ECHO treatment may represent a promising therapeutic approach for BC. Based on the results of the present study, the utilization of MSCs as carriers for OV appears to be a viable complementary strategy in the management of BC.
Insights
Mesenchymal stem cells carrying Echovirus (MSCs-ECHO) show promise in treating breast cancer (BC) by reducing tumor size and improving survival. This oncolytic virus therapy enhances immune response, offering a potential new strategy for BC management.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Virology
- Immunology
- Stem Cell Therapy
Background:
- Breast cancer (BC) poses a significant mortality risk, especially in advanced stages, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.
- Oncolytic viruses (OVs) offer targeted cancer cell destruction but face limitations due to host immune responses.
- Cellular carriers, such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), are being explored to enhance OV delivery and efficacy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells carrying Echovirus (MSCs-ECHO) in a preclinical breast cancer mouse model.
- To assess the impact of MSCs-ECHO on tumor growth, survival rates, and key indicators of the immune system response.
Main Methods:
- A breast cancer mouse model was established using 4T1 cells.
- Mice were treated with MSCs-ECHO, and outcomes were measured by tumor size (TS) and survival probability (SP).
- Immune response markers, including splenocyte proliferation index (SPI), nitric oxide (NO), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, IFN-γ, TGF-β), were analyzed.
Main Results:
- MSCs-ECHO treatment significantly improved survival probability (SP) and splenocyte proliferation index (SPI).
- The therapy led to a reduction in tumor size (TS) and modulated immune responses, indicated by altered levels of NO, LDH, and specific cytokines.
- MSCs-ECHO demonstrated superior efficacy compared to cell-free Echovirus treatment.
Conclusions:
- Echovirus (ECHO) delivered via MSCs presents a promising therapeutic avenue for breast cancer (BC).
- The use of MSCs as carriers for oncolytic viruses (OVs) is a viable complementary strategy for managing BC.
- This approach warrants further investigation for clinical translation in breast cancer treatment.
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