Recurrent Kawasaki disease with polyserositis and pulmonary lesions in a 5-year-old boy: a case report

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Jiahui Weng1,2,3, Yang Wen1, Yiyuan Li1

  • 1Department of Infectious Diseases, West China Second University Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China.

Frontiers in Pediatrics
|June 27, 2025
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Recurrent Kawasaki disease (KD) in a young boy presented with polyserositis and pulmonary lesions, alongside Shigella infection. Prompt immunosuppressive therapy led to a full recovery, highlighting the importance of early intervention.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute febrile illness primarily affecting young children.
  • Coronary artery abnormalities are a known complication of KD, with recurrence being uncommon.
  • This case highlights a rare instance of recurrent KD with unusual complications.

Observation:

  • A 5-year-old male presented with recurrent Kawasaki disease.
  • The patient exhibited polyserositis and pulmonary lesions.
  • Concurrent infection with *Shigella bogdii* was identified.

Findings:

  • The simultaneous occurrence of recurrent KD, polyserositis, pulmonary lesions, and *Shigella bogdii* infection is exceptionally rare.
  • Early diagnosis of this complex presentation was achieved.
  • Systemic immunosuppressive therapy was initiated promptly.

Implications:

  • Kawasaki disease can lead to severe complications including polyserositis, heart failure, and pulmonary lesions.
  • Prompt diagnosis and initiation of immunosuppressive therapy are critical for improving patient outcomes.
  • This case underscores the need for vigilance in diagnosing and managing recurrent KD, especially with concurrent infections.
Keywords:
Kawasaki diseasepediatricpolyserositispulmonary lesionsrecurrent

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