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Enterobius vermicularis: Coming Soon to an Appendix Near You?
Adam Heininger1, John C Densmore2
1General Surgery, Marshfield Clinic Health System, Marshfield, USA.
Cureus
|June 27, 2025
Summary
Enterobius vermicularis, a common intestinal parasite, can mimic appendicitis symptoms. This case highlights its presence in a US appendectomy specimen, emphasizing its potential in developed nations.
Area of Science:
- Medical Parasitology
- Gastroenterology
- Surgical Pathology
Background:
- Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm) is a frequent gastrointestinal parasite in developing nations.
- Pinworm infection in the appendix can present as appendicitis without inflammation.
- Incidence in Western countries is underreported.
Observation:
- A 9-year-old girl from the Midwestern US presented with abdominal pain.
- Lab results indicated parasitic infection; imaging suggested appendicitis.
- Appendectomy specimen revealed Enterobius vermicularis without acute inflammation.
Findings:
- Histopathology confirmed Enterobius vermicularis in the appendix.
- The case challenges the assumption of appendiceal parasitic infections being exclusive to developing countries.
- Parasitic appendicitis can occur in developed countries, particularly in rural or low-resource settings.
Implications:
- Clinicians in developed countries should consider Enterobius vermicularis in appendicitis differentials.
- This case underscores the importance of thorough histopathological examination.
- Awareness of parasitic infections is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment, regardless of geographic location.
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