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Related Concept Videos

Corrosion02:49

Corrosion

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The degradation of metals due to natural electrochemical processes is known as corrosion. Rust formation on iron, tarnishing of silver, and the blue-green patina that develops on copper are examples of corrosion. Corrosion involves the oxidation of metals. Sometimes it is protective, such as the oxidation of copper or aluminum, wherein a protective layer of metal oxide or its derivatives forms on the surface, protecting the underlying metal from further oxidation. In other cases, corrosion is...
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Properties of Transition Metals02:58

Properties of Transition Metals

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Transition metals are defined as those elements that have partially filled d orbitals. As shown in Figure 1, the d-block elements in groups 3–12 are transition elements. The f-block elements, also called inner transition metals (the lanthanides and actinides), also meet this criterion because the d orbital is partially occupied before the f orbitals.
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Radical Oxidation of Allylic and Benzylic Alcohols

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Activated manganese(IV) oxide can selectively oxidize allylic and benzylic alcohols via a radical intermediate mechanism. Primary allylic alcohols are oxidized to aldehydes, while secondary allylic alcohols yield ketones. The redox reaction of potassium permanganate with an Mn(II) salt such as manganese sulfate (under either alkaline or acidic conditions), followed by thorough drying, yields the oxidizing agent: activated MnO2. While MnO2 is insoluble in the solvents used for the reaction, the...
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Balancing Redox Equations02:58

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Electrochemistry is the science involved in the interconversion of electrical and chemical reactions. Such reactions are called reduction-oxidation, or redox reactions. These important reactions are defined by changes in oxidation states for one or more reactant elements and include a subset of reactions involving the transfer of electrons between reactant species. Electrochemistry as a field has evolved to yield sufficient insights on the fundamental principles of redox chemistry and multiple...
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Water: A Bronsted-Lowry Acid and Base02:30

Water: A Bronsted-Lowry Acid and Base

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The reaction between a Brønsted-Lowry acid and water is called acid ionization. For example, when hydrogen fluoride dissolves in water and ionizes, protons are transferred from hydrogen fluoride molecules to water molecules, yielding hydronium ions and fluoride ions:
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Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

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The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 17, 2025

Preparation of Polyoxometalate-based Photo-responsive Membranes for the Photo-activation of Manganese Oxide Catalysts
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Multivalence Driven High-Entropy Bimetallic Oxides for Acidic Water Oxidation.

Xianbing Miao1, Liang Wu2, Sheng Zhao3

  • 1Hefei National Research Center for Physics Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China.

ACS Nano
|June 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a novel high-entropy material using only two metal elements, V-doped RuO2. This unique composition exhibits excellent catalytic activity for acidic water oxidation.

Keywords:
catalytic activityhigh entropymetal oxidesmultivalenceoxygen-evolving catalysts

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Molten-Salt Synthesis of Complex Metal Oxide Nanoparticles
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Molten-Salt Synthesis of Complex Metal Oxide Nanoparticles

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • High-entropy materials offer tunable properties but typically require five or more elements.
  • Achieving high configuration entropy usually necessitates complex compositions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a novel high-entropy material with reduced elemental complexity.
  • To explore the catalytic potential of V-doped RuO2 for acidic water oxidation.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of V-doped RuO2 with a focus on achieving high entropy.
  • Characterization of the material's structure, oxidation states, and phase stability.
  • Electrochemical testing for catalytic activity in acidic water oxidation.

Main Results:

  • A single-phase high-entropy oxide was stabilized with only two metal elements (Ru and V).
  • Mixed oxidation states of Ru and V ions resulted in five distinct cations contributing to entropy.
  • The material exhibited significant ionic disorder, lattice distortion, and a metal-to-semiconductor transition.
  • Superior electrochemical catalytic performance for acidic water oxidation was demonstrated.

Conclusions:

  • A new paradigm for designing high-entropy materials with simplified compositions is established.
  • V-doped RuO2 represents a highly effective catalyst for acidic water oxidation due to its unique high-entropy nature.
  • The study highlights the potential of ionic disorder and mixed oxidation states in driving catalytic activity.