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Technology-Facilitated Gender-Based Violence Against Politically Active Women: A Systematic Review of Psychological

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Technology-facilitated gender-based violence harms politically active women, causing psychological distress and impacting their public life. Many women cope by blocking harassers or reporting abuse, but the violence affects democratic discourse.

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gender-based violencehealth effectsinternet and abusemental health effectstechnology- or image-based abuse

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Area of Science:

  • Social Sciences
  • Political Science
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Politically active women face significant technology-facilitated gender-based violence.
  • Online abuse impacts their emotional well-being, professional engagement, and public participation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the psychological and political consequences of online harassment on politically active women.
  • To identify coping mechanisms employed by women experiencing this abuse.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of 48 studies.
  • Inclusion of qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods research.

Main Results:

  • 81% of studies reported psychological distress (anxiety, fear); 31% noted (re-)traumatization.
  • 62% documented altered political messaging; 39% observed reduced online engagement; 29% saw women abandon online presence; 20% reported withdrawal from political roles.
  • 66% of studies identified blocking/muting harassers; 37% noted reporting abuse to authorities/platforms.

Conclusions:

  • Technology-facilitated violence profoundly affects women's emotional health and political participation.
  • This violence has broad implications for democratic discourse and social equity.