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Does being close to someone with gambling problems predict harm? An eight-wave longitudinal study.

Sari Hautamäki1, Iina Savolainen1, Emmi Kauppila1

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Problematic gambling affects loved ones, increasing their risk of developing gambling problems. This longitudinal study confirms that being exposed to a gambler

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Affected othersCross-lagged effectsLongitudinal researchProblem gamblingProblematic drinkingPsychological distress

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Public Health
  • Addiction Research

Background:

  • Problematic gambling affects 6-9 others per gambler, who may experience similar psychological and physical health issues.
  • Previous research relied on cross-sectional data, limiting understanding of long-term effects on affected individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the longitudinal impact of being an affected other on alcohol use, gambling problems, and psychological distress.
  • To determine if familial or social exposure to gambling problems predicts future harm in individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized eight-wave longitudinal data from 1530 participants (50% male).
  • Employed dynamic panel data modeling with full information maximum likelihood.
  • Conducted cross-lagged analyses to assess predictive relationships between being an affected other and harm outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Being an affected other significantly predicted future gambling problems.
  • No significant prediction was found for problematic drinking or psychological distress.
  • The relationship between affected others and gambling problems varied by the type of relationship (e.g., parent, sibling).

Conclusions:

  • Exposure to a family member's or friend's problematic gambling can influence an individual's own gambling behavior.
  • The findings highlight the interconnectedness of gambling problems within social and familial networks.
  • Further research is needed to understand the inconsistent directionality of familial influence on gambling problems.