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Professionalism under pressure: which factors influence community pharmacists' practice? A scoping review
Francielly Lima da Fonseca1, Lara Joana Santos Caxico-Vieira2, Rafaella de Oliveira Santos Silva1
1Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Teaching and Research in Social Pharmacy (LEPFS), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil.
Objectives:
Several factors can influence the professionalism of pharmacists in community pharmacies. Due to the growing role in providing patient-centered care, pharmacists need to develop a strong sense of professionalism to ensure the quality of services. However, there is a lack of research that explores the challenges faced by pharmacists in community pharmacies. Thus, this study aimed to identify factors that influence the professionalism of community pharmacists.
Study Design:
Scoping review.
Methods:
A scoping review was conducted via the PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, ERIC, EMBASE, and LILACS databases. The search was carried out on July 1, 2024. The identified factors were classified into four domains following the APOTECA framework: Attitudinal, Political, Technical, and Administrative.
Results:
Twelve studies were included in the review. From these studies, 11 factors that influence professionalism of community pharmacists were identified, with emphasis on academic training, infrastructure, knowledge, social skills, ethics, and human resources. The factors were unequally distributed across domains, with the Technical domain being the most frequently cited.
Conclusions:
The review identified significants barriers to professionalism in community pharmacy settings, particularly related to Technical and Attitudinal challenges. Improvements in academic training, enhancement of socioemotional skills, and stronger administrative support are critical for fostering professional development and improving the quality of care provided in community pharmacies.
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