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Market Integration and Secular Changes in Anthropometric Characteristics in Two Maya Communities From Yucatan, Mexico
Hugo Azcorra1, María Teresa Castillo-Burguete2, Julio Lara-Riegos3
1Centro de Investigaciones Silvio Zavala, Universidad Modelo, Mérida, Yucatán, México.
Summary
Children in Maya communities show differing growth patterns based on market integration. Rapid economic integration is linked to increased BMI and reduced linear growth, highlighting socioeconomic impacts on child development.
Area of Science:
- Human growth and development
- Socioeconomic impacts on health
- Anthropometry and child health
Background:
- Secular trends in child growth are influenced by socioeconomic factors.
- Market integration can alter traditional lifestyles and nutritional patterns.
- Understanding these changes is crucial for public health interventions in indigenous communities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare secular changes in height, weight, and BMI among children in two Maya communities.
- To analyze how differing market economy participation affects child growth measures.
- To investigate the long-term impact of socioeconomic shifts on child development.
Main Methods:
- Longitudinal study comparing 1463 children (6-12 years) from Dzeal and Yalcoba communities.
- Data collected at three time points: 1986/1987, 1996-1998/2000, and 2022/2023.
- Linear regression models used to assess changes in height-for-age (HAZ) and BMI-for-age Z-scores (BMIZ).
Main Results:
- Greater increases in HAZ observed in the community with slower market integration (Dzeal).
- Significant increases in BMIZ (0.81-1.07 SD) seen in children from the rapidly integrating community (Yalcoba); no significant BMIZ changes in Dzeal.
- Differences in HAZ increases between communities varied by sex and age group.
Conclusions:
- Rapid market integration in Maya communities is associated with larger secular increases in children's BMI.
- Faster integration appears to correlate with smaller increases in linear growth (height).
- Socioeconomic factors significantly influence child growth trajectories in developing populations.
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