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Compartmentalization Index: Description and Applications in Anthropological Studies
José M López-Rey1,2, Óscar Cambra-Moo2, Daniel García-Martínez2,3,4,5
1Paleoanthropology Group, Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural Sciences (MNCN-CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
American Journal of Biological Anthropology
|June 28, 2025
Summary
The compartmentalization index enhances visualization of mineralized tissue variations in growing individuals. This non-linear index is effective for analyzing subtle bone growth differences, even in adult bone research.
Area of Science:
- Paleoanthropology
- Bioarchaeology
- Human Osteology
Background:
- Linear methods offer limited insight into mineralized tissue variations in non-adult bones due to high mineralized area.
- The compartmentalization index, a non-linear metric, can overcome these limitations by amplifying differences in highly mineralized cross-sections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the utility of the compartmentalization index for analyzing mineralized tissue variations in non-adult Homo sapiens femur diaphyses.
- To compare the effectiveness of the compartmentalization index with direct percentage measurements.
Main Methods:
- Five femur diaphyseal cross-sections were analyzed from 35 non-adult Homo sapiens (perinatal to 5 years old).
- The percentage of mineralized area and the compartmentalization index were calculated for each section.
- Graphical testing was used to analyze the distribution of both measurements.
Main Results:
- The compartmentalization index visually magnified variations in femur diaphyseal mineralized areas exceeding 90%.
- Statistical comparisons between groups were not affected by the index's use.
- Data distributions for the index and direct percentage measurements were comparable for lower mineralized areas.
Conclusions:
- The compartmentalization index is valuable for detecting subtle variations during early growth and development in human bone.
- Both the compartmentalization index and direct percentage measurements are equally effective for bone sections with lower mineralized areas.
- The compartmentalization index is applicable to research on adult individuals as well.
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