Management of Co-existing Dementia and Hearing Loss in Social Care Settings: A Focus Group Study

Background and Objectives: Dementia and hearing loss are highly prevalent and increase in prevalence and severity with age. Hearing loss is often overlooked in people living with dementia, resulting in under-diagnosis and lack of appropriate management. Both conditions present substantial challenges for individuals and healthcare systems more broadly. The presence of both conditions can mask each other, presenting challenges for both diagnosis, treatment and support. The aim of this study was to qualitatively explore the experience, needs and opinions of how to manage hearing loss in people living with dementia in social care settings from multiple perspectives. Research Design and Methods: A qualitative study using focus groups with key stakeholder groups was conducted. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Participants included seven social care professionals (aged 25-68), six informal carers (aged 56-92) and one person living with dementia and hearing loss (aged 69) (m = 21%, f = 79%). Results: Five themes were identified: (i) inclusion; (ii) communication, (iii) hearing aids, (iv) health services and (v) training of care staff. Discussion and Implications: Findings highlight the need for comprehensive training to help support the management of hearing loss in people living with dementia. Training on the use and maintenance of hearing aids would be particularly valuable for staff. Due to the progressive nature of both conditions, individuals in receipt of social care should be reviewed regularly to ensure that care needs are adapted to suit the progressive nature of the conditions.