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DNA-Mediated Bioinspired MXene Gas Sensor Array with Machine Learning for Noninvasive Cancer Recognition.
Shanshan Liu1,2,3,4, Nanlin Hu5, Jiawang Hu2,3,4
1Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Aerospace Center Hospital, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
ACS Nano
|June 28, 2025
Summary
This study created a novel bioinspired biosensor array (BBA) using DNA-programmed MXene for noninvasive disease detection. The BBA successfully identified cancer patients from breath samples with high accuracy, offering a new diagnostic tool.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Biotechnology
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Noninvasive odor sensing is crucial for environmental monitoring and medical diagnosis.
- MXene materials offer unique sensing properties but lack specificity for gas recognition.
- Biological olfactory receptors provide a model for specific molecular recognition.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a bioinspired biosensor array (BBA) for specific gas detection by programming MXene interfaces with DNA.
- To mimic biological olfactory receptors for enhanced molecular recognition.
- To apply the BBA for noninvasive identification of cancer patients using exhaled breath samples.
Main Methods:
- Programming MXene sensing interfaces with DNA base sequences of varying lengths, types, and modifications.
- Developing a Six-channel bioinspired biosensor Array (6C-BBA) using five DNA/MXene composites and pure MXene.
- Utilizing machine learning algorithms, specifically a neural network, for data analysis and pattern recognition.
- Validating the 6C-BBA with real odor molecules and subsequently with breath samples from different patient groups.
Main Results:
- Five DNA/MXene composite biosensing materials with excellent sensing properties were obtained through orthogonal experiments.
- The 6C-BBA demonstrated preliminary identification of fruit odor molecules.
- The 6C-BBA achieved high accuracy in detecting cancer biomarkers in breath samples: 86.3% for stomach cancer, 94.1% for lung cancer, and 89.5% for intestinal cancer.
- The array also showed 86.3% accuracy for healthy individuals.
Conclusions:
- The developed DNA/MXene bioinspired biosensor array offers a specific and effective method for advanced biosensor development.
- This technology shows significant potential for the early, noninvasive recognition of diseases like cancer through breath analysis.
- The study highlights the successful integration of materials science, nanotechnology, and machine learning for biomedical applications.
