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Cataract Aggravates Alzheimer-Like Pathologies and Cognitive Deficits in an APP/PS1 Mouse Model.

Zhao Geng^1,2,3,4, Zhong-Yuan Yu^2,3, Jun Tan⁴

¹Senior Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Centre of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.

Neuroscience Bulletin

|June 28, 2025

Summary

Cataracts worsen Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology and cognitive decline. This study experimentally confirms that impaired vision from cataracts accelerates AD progression, highlighting vision's role in brain health.

Keywords:

Alzheimer’s disease Aβ burden Behavioural deficits Cataract Visual impairment

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Ophthalmology
Pathology

Background:

Clinical studies suggest a link between cataracts and Alzheimer's disease (AD).
The impact of cataracts on AD progression remains unclear.
Understanding this relationship is crucial for managing cognitive decline.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the causal relationship between cataracts and Alzheimer's disease progression.
To determine if cataract induction exacerbates AD-related pathology and cognitive deficits.
To elucidate the mechanisms underlying the potential link between vision impairment and AD.

Main Methods:

Established a cataract model in APP/PS1 mice using lens puncture.
Assessed cognitive function through behavioral assays.
Analyzed AD pathology using immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and ELISA.

Main Results:

Cataract induction led to increased cerebral amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition.
Elevated astrogliosis, microgliosis, and proinflammatory factors were observed in cataract model mice.
Cataract model mice exhibited significantly impaired cognitive function compared to controls.

Conclusions:

Cataracts significantly contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.
Visual impairment exacerbates AD pathology and cognitive deficits.
Maintaining visual function is important for cognitive well-being and potentially mitigating AD progression.