Neuromesodermal progenitor derived mesenchymal stem cells: A new source for osteogenesis and adipogenesis in vitro

Derivation of adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in culture might be an important approach to generate unlimited cell source for clinical therapies. Identification of appropriate progenitor populations during development is of interest in recent years to establish accurate steps in cell differentiation protocols. In the current study, iPSC derived MSCs (iMSC) via neuromesodermal progenitors (NMP) were generated using an established in vitro differentiation protocol. Osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation potential of iMSCs were evaluated by in vitro cell culture assays, gene and protein expression analysis. Protein expression profile of iMSCs and secretome of iMSCs were determined by membrane array and LC-MS/MS analysis. Conditioned medium derived from iMSCs was used in differentiation protocol of preadipocytes and preosteoblast cells. Adipogenic and osteogenic cells were derived from iMSCs in vitro. Protein profile of iMSCs were different compared to dental pulp and adipose stem cells. iMSC secretome has a more prominent role to promote adipogenesis in cultured preadipocytes. In conclusion, MSCs with an adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation capacity can be obtained from iPSC derived NMPs in vitro. Secretome of iMSCs have adiponenic potential on preadipocytes and can be a promising option for future studies.