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Multi-mode plane wave imaging based full-section inspection for ultra-thick welds with the compact array.

Xinzhi Ma1, Mu Chen1, Xu Gu1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Advanced Equipment Manufacturing and Measurement Technology, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.

Ultrasonics
|June 29, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a multi-mode plane wave imaging (MM-PWI) technique for efficient ultrasonic non-destructive testing of ultra-thick welds. The method uses a single array for full-section inspection, improving efficiency and reducing equipment bulk.

Keywords:
Full-section inspectionMulti-modePlane wave imagingUltra-thick weldUltrasonic imaging

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Non-Destructive Testing

Background:

  • Traditional ultrasonic testing of thick welds (>90 mm) requires multiple transducer groups and scans, leading to inefficiency.
  • Existing methods struggle with full-section coverage and signal attenuation in ultra-thick materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an efficient, single-scan method for full-section ultrasonic non-destructive testing of ultra-thick welds.
  • To improve signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and overcome signal attenuation challenges.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of a multi-mode plane wave imaging (MM-PWI) technique.
  • Decoupling longitudinal and shear wave skipping modes for comprehensive flaw reconstruction.
  • Application of the vector coherence factor (VCF) to enhance SNR.

Main Results:

  • Successful full-section inspection of a 120-mm-thick weld using a single, compact 64-element array.
  • Achieved high signal-to-noise ratios (>32 dB) for all detected flaws in a single scan.
  • Demonstrated significant improvement in inspection efficiency and image quality.

Conclusions:

  • The MM-PWI technique offers a simplified and stable approach for inspecting ultra-thick welds.
  • This method enhances inspection efficiency and is readily applicable to industrial settings.
  • The technique effectively addresses challenges of signal attenuation and coverage in thick materials.