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Millisecond-Scale White Matter Dynamics Underlying Visuomotor Integration.

Riyo Ueda1, Hiroshi Uda2, Keisuke Hatano3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, 48201, USA. Department of Neurosurgery, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 1878551, Japan.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals how the brain processes visual information and makes decisions, showing the right hemisphere leads initial processing and the left controls motor output for right-hand responses. It highlights a speed-accuracy trade-off in visuospatial tasks.

Keywords:
Broadband high-frequency activityDynamic tractographyEpilepsy surgeryHigh-gamma activityNon-verbal visuospatial processing

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • The conventional model posits right-hemisphere dominance for visuospatial processing and left-hemisphere dominance for verbal processing.
  • Right-hand responses are typically controlled by the left motor cortex.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the precise timing and white matter networks involved in visuospatial stimulus processing, decision-making, and motor response generation.
  • To elucidate the neural mechanisms underlying hemispheric specialization in cognitive tasks.

Main Methods:

  • Intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) was employed to capture high-temporal-resolution neural activity.
  • Magnetic Resonance (MR) tractography was used to map white matter pathways connecting brain regions.
  • Nonverbal visuospatial stimuli were presented to participants.

Main Results:

  • Widespread functional connectivity and bidirectional neural flows were observed in the right hemisphere within 200 ms of stimulus onset.
  • Engagement of the right anterior middle frontal gyrus enhanced accuracy but delayed response times.
  • Prominent functional connectivity and communication via the corpus callosum between motor cortices occurred in the 100 ms preceding a right-hand response.

Conclusions:

  • Findings provide millisecond-level evidence supporting hemispheric specialization models.
  • A trade-off between response accuracy and speed is regulated by the right dorsolateral prefrontal network.
  • The timing of interhemispheric communication via the corpus callosum is critical for transmitting decisions to motor systems.