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CPPsite3: An updated large repository of experimentally validated cell-penetrating peptides
Nisha Bajiya1, Sohana Najrin2, Pankaj Kumar1
1Department of Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, Okhla Phase 3, New Delhi 110020, India.
Drug Discovery Today
|June 29, 2025
Summary
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are vital for intracellular drug delivery. This review details CPP advancements, including the CPPsite3 database and clinical applications, aiding drug delivery research.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Pharmacology
- Bioinformatics
Background:
- Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have become crucial for delivering drugs into cells over the last 20 years.
- Advancements in CPP research necessitate updated resources for discovery and application.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a systematic overview of CPP research advancements.
- To highlight the CPPsite3 database as a key resource for CPP discovery.
- To explore current clinical applications of CPPs in drug delivery.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of CPP research, experimental techniques, and computational resources.
- Detailed analysis of the CPPsite3 database, including its growth from previous versions (CPPsite, CPPsite2).
- Exploration of documented clinical applications of CPPs.
Main Results:
- The CPPsite3 database contains 6788 entries, representing 4285 unique CPPs.
- CPPsite and its successors have been instrumental in CPP design and prediction method development.
- Several CPPs are currently in clinical use, demonstrating therapeutic potential.
Conclusions:
- CPP advancements, particularly the CPPsite3 database, are essential for the drug delivery field.
- This review serves as a comprehensive resource for researchers in CPP-based drug delivery.
- Further development and utilization of CPPs hold significant promise for future therapeutics.
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