[Spatial Differentiation and Driving Factors of Ecosystem Health in Yellow River Estuary National Park]

The Yellow River Estuary National Park is located in the land-sea-river interaction zone. The ecosystem of this area is fragile， and the study of its ecosystem health is the basis to promote the healthy and stable development of the national park ecosystem. Based on the Vigor， Organization， Resilience， and Ecosystem Service Function （VORS） model， the land ecosystem health level of the Yellow River Estuary National Park was evaluated. The results of ecosystem health evaluation were verified by the remote sensing ecological index of water body shape， and the spatial autocorrelation model was used to reveal the spatial differentiation characteristics of ecosystem health. The main driving factors of spatial differentiation were explored by using the optimal parameter geographic detector model. The results showed that： ① The health level of the terrestrial ecosystem in the Yellow River Estuary National Park was mainly good and general， and the proportion of the area was 30.64% and 47.66%， respectively. ② The water body shape remote sensing ecological index， ESRI world image， and ecosystem health level are in good agreement. ③ From the perspective of spatial distribution， the healthy areas of the ecosystem were concentrated on both sides of the Yellow River. The good areas were distributed in the waters between the salt marsh wetland and the beach in the southern region. The general area was distributed in the northern area and the eastern part of the southern area， mainly for salt marsh wetlands and beaches. The poor area was concentrated in the cultivated land area in the southeast of the study area. The poor areas were scattered， mainly for construction land. ④ Factor detection showed that the spatial differentiation of ecosystem health was mainly driven by the normalized vegetation index （NDVI）. The interactive detection shows that NDVI population density had the strongest explanatory power for driving spatial differentiation of ecosystem health. The results can provide scientific basis for ecosystem protection and management in the Yellow River Estuary National Park.