Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 17, 2025
09:36
Standardization of Basket Use in Sialendoscopy: A Ten-Year Retrospective Study
Published on: June 6, 2025
241
Flexible and navigable suction access sheaths: what size stone particles can be cleared?
Richard Menzies-Wilson1, Jessica Williams2, Koushikk Ayyappan1
1Nuffield Department of Surgery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
BJU International
|June 29, 2025
Summary
Flexible and navigable suction (FANS) ureteric access sheaths (UASs) effectively clear small stone fragments up to 2mm when used with smaller ureteroscopes. Intermittent withdrawal of the ureteroscope ensures complete stone clearance during laser lithotripsy.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Endourology
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Ureteric access sheaths (UASs) are crucial for managing kidney stones during ureteroscopy.
- Flexible and navigable suction (FANS) UASs offer potential advantages in stone fragment clearance.
- Optimizing FANS UAS performance requires understanding its interaction with different ureteroscope sizes and stone burdens.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the stone clearance capabilities of FANS UAS in benchtop experiments.
- To determine the impact of different ureteroscope sizes on FANS UAS performance.
- To assess clearance for various stone fragment sizes under simulated lasertripsy conditions.
Main Methods:
- Benchtop experiments utilized quartz stones simulating renal stone fragments.
- A 11/13-F FANS UAS with 9.5-F, 7.5-F, and 6.3-F ureteroscopes was tested.
- Two arms evaluated: continuously indwelling ureteroscope and intermittent withdrawal, with 200-mmHg suction.
Main Results:
- The FANS UAS with a 9.5-F ureteroscope cleared 64% of stone mass but blocked within 21 minutes.
- Complete stone clearance was achieved with intermittent ureteroscope withdrawal.
- The FANS UAS cleared stones up to 500 μm (7.5-F scope) and 2 mm (6.3-F scope) without blockage.
Conclusions:
- Continuous aspiration of small fragments is feasible with 7.5-F and 6.3-F ureteroscopes in a FANS UAS.
- Intermittent ureteroscope withdrawal from the FANS UAS ensures complete stone fragment clearance.
- FANS UAS performance is dependent on ureteroscope size and operational strategy.
Related Concept Videos
01:15Quarrying of Stone
203
Quarrying is the process of extracting stone from a quarry, where specialized techniques are employed to remove large blocks of stone safely and efficiently. This process can involve controlled explosions or more precision-oriented methods such as cutting and drilling.
One common method involves using a diamond belt saw to cut large blocks from the quarry face. These blocks can be about 50 feet long and 12 feet high. After the initial vertical cut, drilling is performed at the base of the...
One common method involves using a diamond belt saw to cut large blocks from the quarry face. These blocks can be about 50 feet long and 12 feet high. After the initial vertical cut, drilling is performed at the base of the...
203
01:25Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management
37
Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
37
01:12Maximum Size of Aggregate
240
The maximum size of aggregate is defined as the aperture of the sieve retaining 15 percent or more of the particles present in the aggregate sample. The aggregate's maximum size impacts the concrete's water requirement, workability, and strength. Larger aggregates reduce the surface area needing cement paste coverage, which can lower water needs, thereby allowing a decrease in the water-to-cement ratio when the desired workability and richness of the mix are to be maintained, which can...
240
01:19Sieve Analysis and Grading Curves
533
Sieve analysis is a method used to determine the particle size distribution of aggregate materials. This process involves the following steps:
533
01:25Suctioning the Oropharyngeal Airway
393
In preparing for oropharyngeal airway suctioning, a nurse must gather all necessary equipment, including a suction unit with tubing, a prepackaged suction kit, sterile gloves, water or saline for irrigation, a water-soluble lubricant, and additional personal protective equipment (such as a gown, mask, and goggles) to control infections.
After assembling the equipment, the nurse should practice hand hygiene and don appropriate PPE according to infection control guidelines to avoid the...
After assembling the equipment, the nurse should practice hand hygiene and don appropriate PPE according to infection control guidelines to avoid the...
393
01:13Pumped Concrete
129
Concrete in large quantities can be pumped across long distances for placing in inaccessible sites. This system comprises a hopper that receives concrete from a mixer, a pump to propel the concrete, and pipelines that facilitate its delivery.
For direct-acting pumps, the concrete enters the pump via the inlet valve under the action of gravity and suction created by the movement of the piston. This concrete is then forced into the pipeline and out through the outlet valve by the forward movement...
For direct-acting pumps, the concrete enters the pump via the inlet valve under the action of gravity and suction created by the movement of the piston. This concrete is then forced into the pipeline and out through the outlet valve by the forward movement...
129