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Updated: Sep 17, 2025

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Immunomodulatory Delivery Materials for Tissue Repair.

Savannah Est-Witte1, Manav Jain1, Elana Ben-Akiva1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Translational Tissue Engineering Center, and the Johns Hopkins Translational Immunoengineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA.

Advanced Healthcare Materials
|June 30, 2025
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Summary

Biomaterials are key to regenerative medicine, guiding immune cells like macrophages and stem cells for tissue repair. This review explores how designing these materials can optimize the immune microenvironment for better regeneration outcomes.

Keywords:
biomaterialsimmunomodulationnanoparticlesregenerative medicinescaffolds

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • The immune system significantly influences regenerative medicine outcomes.
  • Delivery biomaterials are crucial for modulating cellular responses in tissue repair.
  • Understanding immune cell interactions is vital for effective tissue engineering.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review materials design strategies for biomaterial delivery platforms.
  • To discuss challenges in controlling endogenous cell and tissue function via biomaterials.
  • To explore biomaterial-mediated immunomodulation for tissue regeneration.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on biomaterial design for immune system interaction.
  • Analysis of biomaterial strategies for recruiting and directing cell phenotypes (macrophages, T cells, mesenchymal stem cells).
  • Examination of scaffold-, cell-, and particle-mediated delivery systems for immunomodulation.

Main Results:

  • Biomaterials can be designed to recruit and direct specific immune cell types.
  • Engineering the immune microenvironment using biomaterials is critical for tissue regeneration.
  • Various delivery strategies (scaffold, cell, particle) can be employed for immunomodulation.

Conclusions:

  • Materials design approaches are essential for leveraging the immune system in regenerative medicine.
  • Biomaterials offer powerful tools to engineer the immune microenvironment for enhanced tissue repair.
  • Effective immunomodulation via biomaterial delivery is key to advancing tissue regeneration.