Evaluation of Risk Factors Associated with Stillbirth in a Tertiary Level Hospital

Area of Science:

• Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Perinatal Health
• Public Health

Background:

• Stillbirth, defined as fetal death after 28 weeks gestation, significantly impacts families and healthcare systems.
• Bangladesh faces a high stillbirth rate attributed to factors like limited antenatal care access, home births, and high parity.
• Understanding risk factors is crucial for developing effective prevention strategies and improving perinatal outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the prevalent risk factors associated with stillbirth in a Bangladeshi population.
• To provide data for enhanced antepartum surveillance and community awareness programs.
• To identify key areas for intervention to reduce perinatal mortality.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional observational study was conducted involving 100 pregnant women who delivered stillbirths.
• Data was collected using a pre-designed questionnaire from February to August 2019.
• Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Version 26.0 to identify risk factors.

Main Results:

• Maternal hypertensive disorders (34.0%) were the most common medical risk factor for stillbirth.
• Obstetric complications such as premature rupture of membranes (PROM) (12.0%) and abruptio placentae (6.0%) were significant contributors.
• Most stillbirths occurred in preterm infants (35-36 weeks gestation), and a majority of mothers had not received adequate antenatal care.

Conclusions:

• Maternal hypertensive disorders are a predominant risk factor for stillbirth.
• Inadequate antenatal care and emergency admissions highlight critical gaps in maternal healthcare.
• Regular antenatal checkups, timely referrals, and hospital deliveries are essential for preventing stillbirths.