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Updated: Sep 17, 2025

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Peripheral blood transcriptomic differences predict depression status in individuals undergoing bariatric surgery.

Rebecca Milton1,2, Anna P McLaughlin1, Nicole Mariani1

  • 1Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom.

Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health
|June 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Bariatric surgery impacts depression differently among patients. This study found distinct gene expression patterns in those with persistent depression versus those with remission, suggesting varied biological mechanisms influencing outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Metabolic and psychiatric research
  • Obesity and mental health studies
  • Surgical intervention impact on mood disorders

Background:

  • Over a third of bariatric surgery candidates have clinical depression.
  • Bariatric surgery can reduce depression, but outcomes vary.
  • Biological links between obesity, depression, and post-surgery mood are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate biological mechanisms underlying depression in bariatric surgery patients.
  • To identify differences in gene expression between persistent and remitted depression post-surgery.
  • To explore potential immune and metabolic factors influencing depression trajectories.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal observational study (BARIDEP) with blood sample collection.
  • Selection of 29 subjects (controls, persistent depression, remission) matched for age, sex, and BMI.
  • Bulk RNA sequencing and differential gene expression analysis.

Main Results:

  • Seven genes showed differential expression across the three groups.
  • Differentially expressed genes were primarily linked to immune activation and synaptic function.
  • Significant gene expression differences were observed between persistent and remitting depression groups.

Conclusions:

  • Baseline gene expression patterns suggest distinct biological mechanisms for persistent versus remitted depression post-bariatric surgery.
  • Immune and metabolic pathways may play crucial roles in differential depression outcomes.
  • Further research into these mechanisms could personalize bariatric surgery patient care.