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Nutritional risk assessment and nutritional support in children with congenital diabetes during surgery

Jiaoyan Lian1, Fang Zhang1, Haoyu Chen2

  • 1Department 1 of Pediatric Digestive, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu Province, China.

Open Medicine (Warsaw, Poland)
|June 30, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Intraoperative nutritional risk assessment and support are vital for children with congenital diabetes. Proper nutritional management, considering factors like blood glucose and BMI, improves outcomes and reduces complications during and after surgery.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Surgical Nutrition
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Congenital diabetes necessitates careful perioperative management.
  • Nutritional status significantly impacts surgical outcomes in pediatric patients.
  • Intraoperative nutritional risk assessment is not standardized for this population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate intraoperative nutritional risk in children with congenital diabetes.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of different nutritional support strategies (intravenous vs. oral).
  • To identify risk factors influencing nutritional support and patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 60 children with congenital diabetes was divided into intravenous (n=30) and oral (n=30) support groups.
  • Nutritional status, calorie intake, and complications were assessed post-surgery.
  • Statistical analysis identified risk factors for nutritional support and glucose control.

Main Results:

  • Both groups showed varying degrees of malnutrition, with the intravenous group having more severe malnutrition (11/30) compared to the oral group (13/30).
  • Higher incidences of difficult glucose control (DGC) were observed in the intravenous group (12/30) versus the oral group (9/30).
  • Fasting blood glucose <6.5 mmol/L and BMI <17.3 were identified as independent risk factors affecting nutritional support.

Conclusions:

  • Perioperative nutritional risk assessment and tailored nutritional support are critical for children with congenital diabetes.
  • Optimizing nutritional strategies can mitigate complications such as DGC and delayed wound healing.
  • Further research should focus on developing evidence-based guidelines for nutritional management in this vulnerable pediatric population.
Abstract

Keywords:
children with congenital diabetesnutritional risknutritional support

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