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It is essential to understand the difference between chiral and achiral interactions and the implications thereof in optical activity and their applications. Just as our feet, which are chiral, interact uniquely with chiral objects, such as a pair of shoes, but identically with achiral socks, enantiomers of a molecule exhibit different properties only when they interact with other chiral media. An example of a significant implication from this facet is the phenomenon known as optical activity,...
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Chirality is the most intriguing yet essential facet of nature, governing life’s biochemical processes and precision. It can be observed from a snail shell pattern in a macroscopic world to an amino acid, the minutest building block of life. Most of the snails around the world have right-coiled shells because of the intrinsic chirality in their genes. All the amino acids present in the human body exist in an enantiomerically pure state, except for glycine - the sole achiral amino acid.
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Updated: Sep 17, 2025

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Depletion effect in an active chiral system.

Bharti Dabra1, Harsh Soni2

  • 1School of Physical Sciences (SPS), Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, Himachal Pradesh, 175005, India. mihikadobriyal321@gmail.com.

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Summary

Ring-shaped chiral particles in vibrating plates show attraction at high bead density and repulsion at low density. Dimerized rings have reduced angular diffusion but similar translational diffusion.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Particle Dynamics

Background:

  • Chiral particles exhibit unique rotational behaviors.
  • Particle interactions in confined systems are complex.
  • Depletion interactions are common in colloidal systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dynamic interactions of ring-shaped chiral particles in a bead suspension.
  • To explore the influence of bead concentration on ring-ring interactions.
  • To analyze the diffusion properties of interacting rings.

Main Methods:

  • Simulating ring-shaped chiral particles in a monolayer of hard spherical beads.
  • Confining particles between two vertically vibrating plates.
  • Varying bead concentrations to observe interaction changes.
  • Analyzing particle trajectories to determine diffusion coefficients.

Main Results:

  • Observed depletion-like attraction between rings at high bead concentrations, forming dimers.
  • Interaction range extended beyond particle size, unlike passive systems.
  • Observed mutual repulsion at low bead concentrations, attributed to localized bead accumulation.
  • Dimerized rings showed significantly suppressed angular diffusion.
  • Translational diffusion of dimerized rings remained largely unchanged.

Conclusions:

  • Bead concentration critically influences ring-ring interactions, leading to attraction or repulsion.
  • A novel repulsion mechanism, opposite to depletion, was identified.
  • Dimerization significantly alters angular dynamics while preserving translational mobility.