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Related Concept Videos

Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

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Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...
320

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 17, 2025

Neuroimaging-Guided TMS–EEG for Real-Time Cortical Network Mapping
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Neuroimaging-Guided TMS-EEG for Real-Time Cortical Network Mapping.

Elena Ukharova1, Sabin Sathyan2, Ida Granö2

  • 1Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science; elena.ukharova@aalto.fi.

Journal of Visualized Experiments : Jove
|June 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a neuroimaging-guided transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and electroencephalography (EEG) protocol to precisely map brain networks. The method ensures high-quality TMS-evoked potentials (TEPs) for reliable biomarker discovery in neuropsychiatric disorders.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging
  • Brain Network Analysis

Background:

  • The cerebral cortex is organized into segregated networks for efficient information processing.
  • Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) combined with electroencephalography (EEG) probes brain networks, assessing cortical excitability and connectivity.
  • Current TMS-EEG methods struggle with precise cortical targeting and ensuring high-quality TMS-evoked potentials (TEPs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel protocol integrating neuroimaging and TMS-EEG for precise cortical mapping.
  • To improve the acquisition of artifact-free TEPs for reliable neurophysiological measurements.
  • To enhance biomarker discovery in neuropsychiatric disorders through sensitive and reproducible neuroimaging-guided brain network analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized structural, functional, and diffusion MRI for personalized cortical target identification based on network connectivity.
  • Employed TMS-EEG mapping to optimize stimulation parameters, localizing highly excitable areas and minimizing noise.
  • Systematically explored stimulation parameters with real-time data quality monitoring to select optimal settings for artifact-free TEPs.

Main Results:

  • The protocol enables the acquisition of artifact-free TEPs with clearly discernible early components.
  • Precision in cortical mapping enhances sensitivity to neurophysiological variations.
  • Improved TEP quality strengthens correlations with clinical phenotypes, aiding biomarker discovery.

Conclusions:

  • The neuroimaging-guided TMS-EEG mapping technique offers a significant methodological advancement.
  • This precise approach facilitates reliable measurements of brain network excitability and connectivity.
  • The protocol holds promise for advancing research and potential treatments in neuropsychiatric disorders.