Teprotumumab for treating active thyroid eye disease: A meta-analysis.

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Endocrinology
• Autoimmune Diseases

Background:

• Thyroid eye disease (TED) is a debilitating autoimmune condition with significant global health implications.
• Biological agents offer novel therapeutic avenues for TED management.
• Teprotumumab is an emerging biological therapy for active TED.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the efficacy and safety of teprotumumab for treating active thyroid eye disease.
• To conduct a meta-analysis of existing literature on teprotumumab in TED treatment.

Main Methods:

• A systematic literature search was performed across four major databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase) up to March 31, 2024.
• Randomized controlled trials investigating teprotumumab for Graves' ophthalmopathy were included.
• Data extraction followed predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Main Results:

• The meta-analysis included 5 studies with 411 patients.
• Teprotumumab treatment resulted in significant improvements in proptosis, diplopia response at 24 weeks, and clinical activity scores compared to placebo.
• No significant increase in adverse events or serious adverse events was observed in the teprotumumab group.

Conclusions:

• Teprotumumab demonstrates significant efficacy in reducing proptosis and improving clinical outcomes in TED patients.
• The agent shows a favorable safety profile with fewer adverse effects.
• High-quality, large-scale, long-term randomized controlled trials are recommended for further validation.