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Venous thromboembolism and worse overall survival in gynaecological cancers: cohort study
Ingrid de Araujo Trugilho1, Marcos José Pereira Renni1, Giselle Coutinho Medeiros1
1Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Purpose:
To assess the association of venous thromboembolism (VTE) on the overall survival (OS) of patients with gynaecological cancer (GC) according to tumour topography.
Methods:
This study comprises a retrospective cohort of women diagnosed with GC (cervical (CC), uterine (UC), ovarian (OC), vaginal (VgC) and vulvar cancers (VvC)) submitted to Doppler limb ultrasonography or chest pulmonary angiography. OS was assessed considering death as an event, and the follow-up time was censored on the date of the last hospital visit. The Kaplan-Meier method and a Cox multiple regression model were applied, considering p<0.05 as statistically significant. This research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee under No. 2480677.
Results:
A total of 1885 women were included in this study. The most frequent cancer topography was CC (56.9%). Over half of the patients (53%) presented advanced disease staging, and 41% presented at least one thromboembolic event, while 74% evolved to death during the study period. The median OS of patients who developed VTE was 20.6 months, and of patients who did not present VTE was 39 months (p<0.001). When stratified by topography, an association with death was observed among patients who developed VTE for all analysed topographies, with an exceeded hazard ranging from 38% to 95%.
Conclusion:
Decreased survival times and association with death were observed in patients who developed VTE in CC, UC, OC, VgC and VvC cases.
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