Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

9.7K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
9.7K
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

28.0K
Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
28.0K
Structural Isomerism02:34

Structural Isomerism

19.7K
Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can...
19.7K
Colors and Magnetism03:02

Colors and Magnetism

12.3K
Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human...
12.3K
VSEPR Theory and the Effect of Lone Pairs04:01

VSEPR Theory and the Effect of Lone Pairs

44.1K
Effect of Lone Pairs of Electrons on Molecule Geometry
44.1K
Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview01:18

Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview

3.0K
Cycloheptatriene is a neutral monocyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon that consists of an odd number of carbon atoms and an intervening sp3 carbon in the ring. The three double bonds in the ring correspond to 6 π electrons, which is a Huckel number, and therefore satisfies the criteria of 4n + 2 π electrons. However, the intervening sp3 carbon disrupts the continuous overlap of p orbitals. As a result, cycloheptatriene is not aromatic.
Removing one hydrogen from the intervening CH2 group...
3.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Modulating the amphiphilic character of porphyrins with pH-activatable cationic centers and fluorocarbon chains to enhance antimicrobial photodynamic activity against Candida albicans.

Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology·2026
Same author

Leveraging Multiproton-Coupled Electron Transfer to Improve Ir(III) Photocatalyst Efficiency.

The journal of physical chemistry. C, Nanomaterials and interfaces·2026
Same author

Synthesis and Electropolymerization of Seven-Membered BF<sub>2</sub> Chromophores: Triphenylamine-Functionalized BOPYRENPY with Electrochromic Properties.

The Journal of organic chemistry·2026
Same author

Optimized and Scalable Synthesis of BOPYRENPY Chromophores: Access to a Seven-Membered BF<sub>2</sub>-C<sub>60</sub> Dyad for Reactive Oxygen Species Generation.

Organic letters·2025
Same author

BOQUIPHY: Synthesis of a Family of Unsymmetrical Difluoroboron Chromophores.

Organic letters·2025
Same author

Synthesis, Spectroscopic and Electrochemical Characterization of Carbazole and Triphenylamine BOPHY Derivatives. Electrochemical Generation of an Optoelectronic Polymeric Film.

ChemPlusChem·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 17, 2025

Author Spotlight: Functionalizing Metal-Organic Frameworks: Advancements, Challenges, and the Power of Post-Synthetic Ligand Exchange
04:51

Author Spotlight: Functionalizing Metal-Organic Frameworks: Advancements, Challenges, and the Power of Post-Synthetic Ligand Exchange

Published on: June 23, 2023

3.4K

BOPYRENPY: A Modular Strategy toward Structurally Tunable Seven-Membered BF2-Chelated Chromophores.

Edwin J Gonzalez1, Sofia C Santamarina2, Anton Y Khmelnitskiy1

  • 1School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States.

Organic Letters
|June 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a modular synthesis for novel seven-membered boron-dipyrromethene (BOPY) dyes. This versatile approach allows for structural diversity and fine-tuning of optical properties for advanced chromophore applications.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Experimental Approaches for the Synthesis of Low-Valent Metal-Organic Frameworks from Multitopic Phosphine Linkers
07:14

Author Spotlight: Experimental Approaches for the Synthesis of Low-Valent Metal-Organic Frameworks from Multitopic Phosphine Linkers

Published on: May 12, 2023

3.1K
Design, Synthesis, and Photochemical Properties of Clickable Caged Compounds
09:44

Design, Synthesis, and Photochemical Properties of Clickable Caged Compounds

Published on: October 15, 2019

12.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 17, 2025

Author Spotlight: Functionalizing Metal-Organic Frameworks: Advancements, Challenges, and the Power of Post-Synthetic Ligand Exchange
04:51

Author Spotlight: Functionalizing Metal-Organic Frameworks: Advancements, Challenges, and the Power of Post-Synthetic Ligand Exchange

Published on: June 23, 2023

3.4K
Author Spotlight: Experimental Approaches for the Synthesis of Low-Valent Metal-Organic Frameworks from Multitopic Phosphine Linkers
07:14

Author Spotlight: Experimental Approaches for the Synthesis of Low-Valent Metal-Organic Frameworks from Multitopic Phosphine Linkers

Published on: May 12, 2023

3.1K
Design, Synthesis, and Photochemical Properties of Clickable Caged Compounds
09:44

Design, Synthesis, and Photochemical Properties of Clickable Caged Compounds

Published on: October 15, 2019

12.4K

Area of Science:

  • Organic Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Supramolecular Chemistry

Background:

  • Boron-dipyrromethene (BOPY) dyes are widely used due to their tunable photophysical properties.
  • Developing novel BOPY derivatives with expanded ring systems presents opportunities for new functionalities.
  • Seven-membered ring systems offer unique electronic and steric environments compared to traditional five-membered BOPY dyes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a modular synthetic strategy for novel seven-membered BF2-chelated dyes.
  • To explore the structural diversity and functional applicability of these new dye systems.
  • To enable late-stage functionalization for fine-tuning photophysical properties.

Main Methods:

  • Modular Knoevenagel condensation between 2-formylpyrroles and cyanomethylpyridine derivatives.
  • Chelation reaction with BF2 to form the seven-membered ring system.
  • Late-stage Suzuki coupling for incorporating donor units.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of seven-membered BF2-chelated dyes, termed BOPYRENPY.
  • Demonstrated versatility in structural modification and functionalization.
  • Achieved fine-tuning of fluorescence, Stokes shifts, and HOMO-LUMO energy levels through late-stage coupling.

Conclusions:

  • BOPYRENPY represents a versatile platform for next-generation chromophores.
  • The developed synthetic strategy allows for significant structural diversity.
  • These novel seven-membered ring dyes offer tunable properties for advanced applications.