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Related Concept Videos

Behavioral Genetics and Its Designs01:23

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Heritability is a statistical concept that measures the degree to which genetic differences among individuals contribute to trait variations within a population. It is a fundamental idea in genetics, often prone to misinterpretation. Heritability is expressed as a percentage, reflecting the proportion of variation in a specific trait across a population that can be linked to genetic differences. However, it's important to understand that heritability does not determine how "genetic"...
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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
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Equity and Inclusion in Assessing Hereditary Cancer Risk: Insights From Excluded Communities, Structured Interviews,

Janis Geary1, Lynette Hammond Gerido2, Amanda M Gutierrez1,3

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Underrepresented groups face challenges in hereditary cancer risk assessment due to limited genomic data, leading to more "variant of unknown significance" (VUS) results. Addressing these inequities is crucial for inclusive genetic testing and data sharing.

Keywords:
access to carecommunity engagementdata sovereigntyequity/inclusiongenetic testingpolicy

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics and Precision Medicine
  • Health Equity
  • Population Health

Background:

  • Genomic databases for hereditary cancer risk assessment are predominantly based on European ancestry.
  • Underrepresentation of diverse populations leads to increased "variant of unknown significance" (VUS) results in genetic testing.
  • Existing efforts to broaden representation face challenges with mixed-ancestry individuals and overlook the impact of racism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and describe the challenges in including underrepresented population groups in hereditary cancer risk assessment.
  • To explore insights from ongoing work with Hispanic/Latino, Black/African, and Indigenous communities.
  • To demonstrate data gaps and propose solutions for inclusive hereditary cancer data resources.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of empirical data from population databases to identify gaps in hereditary cancer gene variant representation.
  • Interviews with experts in genetic testing and data sharing to gather insights on creating inclusive resources.
  • Case studies focusing on healthcare access for Hispanic/Latino populations, community engagement with Black/African diasporic groups, and Indigenous Data sovereignty.

Main Results:

  • Significant gaps exist in the representation of hereditary cancer gene variants across underrepresented populations.
  • Inequities in patient access to culturally-sensitive healthcare and research, along with funding disparities, contribute to underrepresentation.
  • Expert interviews suggest various strategies for improving data sharing and inclusivity in genetic testing resources.

Conclusions:

  • There is no single solution to creating inclusive hereditary cancer data resources; a multi-faceted approach is required.
  • Addressing systemic inequities in research and healthcare access is essential for equitable genetic testing.
  • Improving data sharing and representation will better serve diverse populations in hereditary cancer risk assessment and management.