Advances in Periodontal Therapy: A Comprehensive Review of In-situ Forming Dental Cements for Effective Pocket Filling

Fifty percent of people worldwide suffer from periodontitis, a chronic inflammation of the soft tissue that surrounds the teeth. Effective filling of dental pockets is paramount for successful treatment outcomes in periodontal therapy. This review examines all the important aspects of in situ forming dental cement for filling dental pockets. It focuses on the effectiveness of in-situ forming dental cement in filling periodontal pockets, the conditions necessary for their retention, their interaction with the periodontal environment and their potential performance in clinical practice. Through an in-depth analysis of current literature and clinical evidence, this review highlights the promising role of in-situ forming dental cement in enhancing periodontal therapy outcomes. The effectiveness of various filling systems, such as thermosensitive hydrogels, in-situ gel systems, microparticulate systems, and in-situ forming implants, is critically examined in this study. The advantages and disadvantages of each system are thoroughly examined, with a focus on their clinical uses and efficacy in the treatment of periodontitis. It explains the essential requirements for these cements in the periodontal environment, such as low viscosity for simple administration, the right setting time for stability, and regulated drug release mechanisms to sustain therapeutic concentrations over time. Alongside issues with formulation stability and biocompatibility, the suitability of these materials for the unique conditions present in periodontal pockets is assessed. In order to optimize these materials for better therapeutic effects and enhanced outcomes for patients in periodontal therapy, this study outlines potential directions for future research. It highlights the potential of in-situ forming dental cement to transform periodontal treatment by combining recent research findings with practical applications.