[Broncholithiasis Who Underwent Lung Resection:Report of a Case]

Area of Science:

• Pulmonology
• Infectious Diseases
• Pathology

Background:

• Broncholithiasis, characterized by calcified material in the airways, is an uncommon condition.
• Patients may present with diverse respiratory symptoms, including hemoptysis.
• Associated infections, such as Aspergillus, can complicate the clinical picture.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a case of broncholithiasis with concurrent Aspergillus infection.
• To describe the diagnostic and therapeutic approach for this rare condition.
• To provide a literature review on broncholithiasis.

Main Methods:

• A 42-year-old woman with hemoptysis underwent computed tomography (CT) scan.
• A nodular shadow with calcification was identified in the right lower lobe.
• Thoracoscopic partial resection and pathological examination were performed.

Main Results:

• A 5 mm broncholith was resected from the right S8 area.
• Pathology revealed a stone surrounded by lymphoid follicle formation and plasma cell infiltration.
• The broncholith was associated with Aspergillus infection.

Conclusions:

• Broncholithiasis can present with hemoptysis and may be associated with fungal infections.
• Surgical resection is a viable treatment option for symptomatic broncholiths.
• This case underscores the importance of considering rare diagnoses in patients with persistent respiratory symptoms.